The challenge when environmental assets do not readily appear on national or local economic indicators is to find a means to encourage societies and industries to change their habits. And the building industry is no different. In fact, due to rapid development, low cost building models driven largely by economics and a strict building code developed largely for safety and minimizing liability. Thus, initiative was needed to put environmental design on the radar of designers and builders alike.



The strategy has been to educate the consumer. Thus forming a pressure that is reflected in economics. This is a two pronged approach in the tourism industry. First the tourists need to become more aware of their impacts. Tourism operators also need to become more aware of their impacts that may directly impact them. With varying local environmental requirements around the globe an international strategy has been developed. In this way, tourists can visit anywhere under the same.



As in other sectors of society, a standard is developed under the idea to encourage going beyond the standard. The leaders pull the average forward.



With respect to buildings a number of Green Building Certification initiatives and programs have been developed. Some national others with international scope. LEED 2.0, GBC 1998, 2000,CBIP.

ENVIROMENTAL DESIGN ISSUE
Green Hotel Certification

Green Globe 21 is a global certification program for sustainable travel & tourism companies and communities. Established by the World Travel & Tourism Council (WTTC) following the Rio Earth Summit in 1992, the private company provides a certification service for companies and communities that implement the Agenda 21 based Green Globe 21 Standard. The standard includes an environmental code, with policy guidance, environmental management systems, employee information, consumer tips and other supporting information. Certification began for companies in 1994 and was extended to communities in 1997. This meant local and national authorities providing leadership in Agenda 21 based environmental improvements could be formally recognised for their good work and encouraged to develop a continuous cycle of environmental improvement. The first Green Globe 21 standard was developed in 1998 and introduced with third party audit in 1999. To become certified, an organization needs to apply, benchmark, and after adjustments become certified by third party auditors. They then have the right to use the Green Globe logo with the checkmark indicating certification.



EcoHotel is another certification system promoted by HVS International. The system is based on 5 main criteria: environmental commitment, solid waste management, energy efficiency, water conservation, and employee education/community involvement. Intended just for hotel operations, the first hotel to received certification in 1991 based on criteria set out by environmental experts from the Rocky Mountain Institute. More than 1000 companies have since sought certification. Hotels become certified in up to five globes.



The LEED 2.0 (Leader’s in Energy and Environmental Design) system developed by the U.S. Green Building Council also plays a role in the hospitality industry. A number of high profile environmental hotels around the world have or are seeking LEED certification for their buildings. Perhaps the most prolific example is the Kandalama Hotel in Sri Lanka. The LEED rating system is restricted to buildings and does not include operational statistics. Members are mainly from U.S. however can be applied to any building.



Green Leaf Eco Rating by Hotel Association of Canada is a 5 leaf graduated rating system designed by TerraChoice Environmental Services Inc. to identify hotels committed to improving their bottom line fiscal and environmental performance. Members are located across Canada.



Total enrolled = 126 hotels


1 leaf-1,2-36,3-79,4-8,5-2



Green Hotels Association is based out of Houston, Texas “encourages, promotes and supports the "greening" of the lodging industry”. Their activities to date include branding, providing environmental solutions, and green procurement. Paying members receive branding and information. Members are largely U.S. companies.



Another tool employed by the environmental movement to identify and encourage the investment in more efficient and less damaging products is through labelling. This serves to educate the consumer thereby giving them a choice.

Certification provides incentive for designers and manufacturers to meet certain minimum requirements without the rigidity of being forced into specific solutions. This of course encourages further innovation.

R-2000 and CBIP/C-2000 are two examples of Canadian national initiatives that primarily focus on increased energy efficiency initially. The R-2000 residential certification program addresses other environmental design concerns including: material efficiency, water conservation, and indoor air quality. Whereas the CBIP/C-2000 programs demands increased energy efficiency for commercial buildings by 25 and 50% respectively. The CBIP/C-2000 programs provide funding for building projects meeting their requirements.



More detailed certification schemes have been developed in the past decade.



Leaders in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) is an American certification/labelling initiative developed in the late 1990s.

ENVIROMENTAL DESIGN ELEMENT
Overview

Other incentives to move in an environmental direction are the potential benefits awarded to operations that are environmentally friendly. Increasingly, companies and customers worldwide are choosing operations that meet certain environmental criteria. Thus a market is developing that serves as a reward to establishments that meet the criteria.

ENVIROMENTAL DESIGN ISSUE
Green Hotel Certification

Green Globe 21 is a global certification program for sustainable travel & tourism companies and communities. Established by the World Travel & Tourism Council (WTTC) following the Rio Earth Summit in 1992, the private company provides a certification service for companies and communities that implement the Agenda 21 based Green Globe 21 Standard. The standard includes an environmental code, with policy guidance, environmental management systems, employee information, consumer tips and other supporting information. Certification began for companies in 1994 and was extended to communities in 1997. This meant local and national authorities providing leadership in Agenda 21 based environmental improvements could be formally recognised for their good work and encouraged to develop a continuous cycle of environmental improvement. The first Green Globe 21 standard was developed in 1998 and introduced with third party audit in 1999. To become certified, an organization needs to apply, benchmark, and after adjustments become certified by third party auditors. They then have the right to use the Green Globe logo with the checkmark indicating certification.



EcoHotel is another certification system promoted by HVS International. The system is based on 5 main criteria: environmental commitment, solid waste management, energy efficiency, water conservation, and employee education/community involvement. Intended just for hotel operations, the first hotel to received certification in 1991 based on criteria set out by environmental experts from the Rocky Mountain Institute. More than 1000 companies have since sought certification. Hotels become certified in up to five globes.



The LEED 2.0 (Leader’s in Energy and Environmental Design) system developed by the U.S. Green Building Council also plays a role in the hospitality industry. A number of high profile environmental hotels around the world have or are seeking LEED certification for their buildings. Perhaps the most prolific example is the Kandalama Hotel in Sri Lanka. The LEED rating system is restricted to buildings and does not include operational statistics. Members are mainly from U.S. however can be applied to any building.



Green Leaf Eco Rating by Hotel Association of Canada is a 5 leaf graduated rating system designed by TerraChoice Environmental Services Inc. to identify hotels committed to improving their bottom line fiscal and environmental performance. Members are located across Canada.



Total enrolled = 126 hotels


1 leaf-1,2-36,3-79,4-8,5-2



Green Hotels Association is based out of Houston, Texas “encourages, promotes and supports the "greening" of the lodging industry”. Their activities to date include branding, providing environmental solutions, and green procurement. Paying members receive branding and information. Members are largely U.S. companies.



Another tool employed by the environmental movement to identify and encourage the investment in more efficient and less damaging products is through labelling. This serves to educate the consumer thereby giving them a choice.

Certification provides incentive for designers and manufacturers to meet certain minimum requirements without the rigidity of being forced into specific solutions. This of course encourages further innovation.

R-2000 and CBIP/C-2000 are two examples of Canadian national initiatives that primarily focus on increased energy efficiency initially. The R-2000 residential certification program addresses other environmental design concerns including: material efficiency, water conservation, and indoor air quality. Whereas the CBIP/C-2000 programs demands increased energy efficiency for commercial buildings by 25 and 50% respectively. The CBIP/C-2000 programs provide funding for building projects meeting their requirements.



More detailed certification schemes have been developed in the past decade.



Leaders in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) is an American certification/labelling initiative developed in the late 1990s.

ENVIROMENTAL DESIGN ELEMENT
Overview

Other incentives to move in an environmental direction are the potential benefits awarded to operations that are environmentally friendly. Increasingly, companies and customers worldwide are choosing operations that meet certain environmental criteria. Thus a market is developing that serves as a reward to establishments that meet the criteria.

ENVIROMENTAL DESIGN ISSUE
Certification Systems

At least 4 environmental certification systems or schema are actively being sought by hotel operations around the globe.

FIGURE 1: Number of certified members in various environmental certification programs, 2002.

CERTIFICATION INITIATIVE	JURISDICTION	# OF MEMBERS
Green Globe 21 [1]	World	637 [74+ certified]
ECO TEL [2]	World	34
LEED 1.0, 2.0 [3]	US/World	200+ [30+ certified]
Green Leaf Eco-Rating [4]	Canada	126 [2 with 5-Leaf Rating]
TOTAL # HOTELS	World	~150,000

Sources:

1. http://www.greenglobe21.com

2. http://www.hvsecoservices.com/ecotel.htm

3. http://www.usgbc.org

4. http://www.terrachoice.ca/hotelwebsite/indexcanada.htm

ENVIROMENTAL DESIGN ELEMENT
LEED 2.1

An environmental building rating system developed by the U.S. Green Building Council was designed for rating new and existing commercial, institutional, and high-rise residential buildings. The self-assessing system applies a set of criteria of which points are awarded for meeting each criterion providing a standard for what constitutes a “green building”. An auditor is required to receive certification that is good for the year audit was performed. Applications accepted internationally.

ENVIROMENTAL DESIGN ISSUE
Professional Help

issue content

ENVIROMENTAL DESIGN ELEMENT
LEED Certified Professional

design element content

ENVIROMENTAL DESIGN ISSUE
Certification Systems

At least 4 environmental certification systems or schema are actively being sought by hotel operations around the globe.

FIGURE 1: Number of certified members in various environmental certification programs, 2002.

CERTIFICATION INITIATIVE	JURISDICTION	# OF MEMBERS
Green Globe 21 [1]	World	637 [74+ certified]
ECO TEL [2]	World	34
LEED 1.0, 2.0 [3]	US/World	200+ [30+ certified]
Green Leaf Eco-Rating [4]	Canada	126 [2 with 5-Leaf Rating]
TOTAL # HOTELS	World	~150,000

Sources:

1. http://www.greenglobe21.com

2. http://www.hvsecoservices.com/ecotel.htm

3. http://www.usgbc.org

4. http://www.terrachoice.ca/hotelwebsite/indexcanada.htm

ENVIROMENTAL DESIGN ELEMENT
Green Globe 21

Green Globe 21 a world-wide certification programme dedicated to helping the Travel & Tourism industry around the world develop in sustainable ways - ways that improve the environment, well being and the way of life for local people and for visitors.

ENVIROMENTAL DESIGN ELEMENT
BREEAM

The Building Research Establishment Environmental Assessment Method (BREEAM) is an assessment method that was developed in the UK and made available in 1993. It allows the owners, users and designers of buildings to review and improve environmental performance throughout the life of a building. A variety of versions of BREEAM include new offices, existing offices, industrial, supermarkets, new housing, and other building topics. It is a voluntary evaluation system that is widely accepted in the UK and respected for setting a benchmark for environmental performance.

ENVIROMENTAL DESIGN ELEMENT
GB Tool

design element content

ENVIROMENTAL DESIGN ELEMENT
ISO 14000

The International Organisation for Standardisation (ISO) is a non-governmental organisation with more than 120 countries participating with the objective of standardising environmental management practices, audits, performance evaluation, labelling, and life-cycle assessment practices around the world. The ISO 14000 standard is becoming an economic instrument in the world market for countries and businesses to require a minimum environmental standard. To date over 15,000 businesses worldwide have voluntarily registered. Trained professionals carry out audits. Costs for this evaluation range depending on the size of the business.

ENVIROMENTAL DESIGN ELEMENT
Green Leaf Eco-Rating Program

The HAC Green Leaf™ Eco-Rating Program is a graduated rating system designed to identify hotels across Canada committed to improving their bottom line fiscal and environmental performance.

The program was established by TerraChoice Environmental Services, to recognize environmental achievements through a reward of 1 to 5 Green Leafs; 1 for a minimum of committing to a set of environmental principles and 2 through 5 for results in applying those principles. Members are located across Canada.

At present, only two establishments have achieved the top 5 leaf rating. Both of them are situated in the Rocky Mountains of Alberta.

The Fairmont Chateau Lake Louise

111 Lake Louise Drive

Lake Louise, Alberta

Canada

T0L 1E0

Telephone: (403) 522-3511

Fax: (403) 522-3834

Email: chateaulakelouise@fairmont.com

Aurum Lodge

Alan & Madeleine Ernst, Owners

P.O. Box 2277

Rocky Mountain House, AB

T4T 1B7

Tel: (403) 721-2117

Fax: (403) 721-2118

Email: info@aurumlodge.com

ENVIROMENTAL DESIGN ELEMENT
ECOTEL

The ECOTEL® Collection is an exclusive group of international inns, hotels, and resorts that define the concept of environmental responsibility in the hospitality industry. All certified hotels must pass a detailed inspection and satisfy stringent criteria designed by environmental experts.